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Sophie Wuerger "CGIV 2006: Colour Appearance and Cone Signals: How does the Human Brain Combine the Retinal Cone Signals to Yield Colour Sensations such as Red, Green, Yellow and Blue?"
What computation does the human brain perform when we experience "red" (or green, or yellow, or blue)? How does the human visual system combine the retinal cone signals (L, M, S cones) to yield these colour sensations? To address this question we ask observers to select the colour which appears ...
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Iain Gilchrist "AVA Annual Meeting 2007: Active Vision: Asking the Right Questions about Human Vision"
Iain highlights how it is vital that we study saccadic eye movement when researching vision. He demonstrates how many in the Vision Science community ignore two basic properties of vision that are intrinsically connected; (1) the eyes move (2) visual sensitivity is highly heterogeneous across vis...
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Richard Bone "Coloured Filters in the Eye 2006: Macular Pigment Optical Density Determined by Reflectometry and Flicker: Is Flicker the Gold Standard?"
Heterochromatic flicker photometry (HFP) is often regarded as setting the standard with which other methods of determining macular pigment optical density (MPOD) should be compared. We have developed a reflectometry method employing a retinal camera modified with multi-bandpass filters that provi...
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David Brainard "Understanding the appearance of small spot colors"
Understanding the Appearance of Small Spot Colors. Cambridge Research Systems Lecture, Vision Meeting of the UK Colour Group, January 12, 2006, London. [This work is published as: Brainard, D. H., Williams, D. R., & Hofer, H. (2008). Trichromatic reconstruction from the interleaved cone mosai...
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Simon Laughlin "W.S Stiles Memorial Lecture 2006: The Hungry Eye: Energy, Information and Retinal Function"
The batteries in our digital cameras and notebook computers constantly remind us that energy must be used to capture and process images. A retina is no exception. Work initiated in insect compound eyes reveals how eyes are designed to satisfy their hunger for information while keeping at bay thei...
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Eli Brenner "AVA Annual Meeting 2013: Visual and other Factors in the Timing of Interception"
In vivo recordings from primary visual cortex reveal that spontaneous background activity can be as complex as activity evoked by visual stimuli. Embedding visually evoked responses in such a strong and complex background seems like a confusing way to represent information about the visual world....
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Kathy Mullen "Fall Vision Meeting 2007: Color Processing in the Human LGN and Cortex measured with fMRI"
I will report on our results measuring the fMRI BOLD responses of the different cortical areas and the LGN to chromatic and achromatic stimuli. We used an fMRI (4T) experimental protocol that controls for attention and allows us to compare responses to L/M opponent (RG), S-cone (BY) and achromati...
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John Robson "Craik Club 2008: Application of Fourier Analysis to the Visibility of Gratings"
The contrast thresholds of a variety of grating patterns have been measured over a wide range of spatial frequencies Contrast thresholds for the detection of gratings whose luminance profiles are sine, square, rectangular or saw-tooth waves can be simply related using Fourier theory Over a wide r...
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Lothar Spillmann "ECVP 2007: Correlations between Visual Psychophysics, Neurophysiology and Art"
From the late sixties to the early nineties, the Pisa group led by Adriana Fiorentini and Lamberto Maffei pioneered research on the correlations between the psychophysics and neurophysiology of the visual system. Some 100 papers were published-in the very best journals- that drew international re...
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Dora Angelaki "Vision Sciences Society Annual Meeting 2013: Optimal Integration of Sensory Evidence: Building Blocks and Canonical Computations"
A fundamental aspect of our sensory experience is that information from different modalities is often seamlessly integrated into a uniļ¬ed percept. Recent computational and behavioral studies have shown that humans combine sensory cues according to a statistically optimal scheme derived from Bayes...